Discover the secrets to managing acid reflux, from understanding its causes to finding relief from its symptoms. Explore effective treatment options and strategies for long-term comfort.
What Is Acid Reflux?
Acid reflux, also known as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), occurs when stomach acid flows back into the esophagus. This can cause a burning sensation, pain, and inflammation. It is more common in older adults and people who are overweight or obese.
The most common symptom of acid reflux is heartburn, a burning sensation in the chest that can move up into the throat. Other symptoms include regurgitation, a sour or bitter taste in the mouth, difficulty swallowing, and a feeling of fullness or pressure in the abdomen.1 Acid reflux can also cause damage to the esophagus, leading to complications such as esophagitis, Barrett’s esophagus, and esophageal cancer.
Acid Reflux Causes
Acid reflux is caused by a weak or damaged lower esophageal sphincter (LES), a muscle that acts as a valve between the stomach and esophagus. When the LES is weak or damaged, stomach acid can flow back into the esophagus. This can be caused by a variety of factors, including:
- Hiatal hernia, a condition in which the stomach protrudes through an opening in the diaphragm
- Obesity
- Pregnancy
- Smoking
- Alcohol consumption
- Certain medications, such as aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen
Acid reflux can also be caused by certain foods and drinks, such as:
- Fatty or fried foods
- Spicy foods
- Citrus fruits
- Tomatoes
- Chocolate
- Coffee
- Tea
- Alcohol
Treating Acid Reflux: What You Need To Know
There are a variety of treatments available for acid reflux.2 Some of these include:
- Lifestyle changes, such as losing weight, eating a healthy diet, and avoiding trigger foods and drinks
- Over-the-counter medications, such as antacids, H2 receptor antagonists, and proton pump inhibitors
- Prescription medications, such as proton pump inhibitors and histamine-2 receptor antagonists
- Surgery, in severe cases
Most people with acid reflux can manage their symptoms with lifestyle changes and over-the-counter medications. However, if symptoms are severe or do not improve with lifestyle changes and over-the-counter medications, it is important to see a doctor for further evaluation and treatment.
Learn More About Acid Reflux
There are a number of resources available to learn more about acid reflux, including:
- The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
- The American Gastroenterological Association (AGA)
- The Mayo Clinic
- WebMD